Three-Dimensional Modeling of Steel Portal Frame Buildings

Modeling Steel Frame Buildings in Three Dimensions. II: Elastofiber Beam Element and Examples

This is the second of two papers describing a procedure for the three-dimensional nonlinear time-history analysis of steelframed buildings. An overview of the procedure and the theory for the panel zone element and the plastic hinge beam element are presented in part I. In this paper, the theory for an efficient new element for modeling beams and columns in steel frames called the elastofiber e...

Modeling Steel Frame Buildings in Three Dimensions. I: Panel Zone and Plastic Hinge Beam Elements

A procedure for efficient three-dimensional nonlinear time-history analysis of steel framed buildings is derived. It incorporates two types of nonlinear beam elements—the plastic hinge type and the elastofiber type—and nonlinear panel zone elements to model yielding and strain-hardening in moment-frames. Floors and roofs of buildings are modeled using 4-node elastic diaphragm elements. The proc...

Three-Dimensional Modeling for Buildings Evacuation Management

A Retrofitting Framework for Pre-Northridge Steel Moment-Frame Buildings

A case study of retrofitting a 20-story pre-Northridge steel moment-frame building is presented. Twelve retrofit 4 schemes are developed with varying degrees of intervention. Three retrofitting techniques are considered: up5 grading the brittle beam-to-column moment resisting connections, and implementing either conventional or 6 buckling-restrained brace elements within the existing moment-fra...

The Effect of Local Damage on Energy Absorption of Steel Frame Buildings During Earthquake

Progressive collapse is a kind of failure in which whole or large part of a structure collapse when a local damage occurs and distributes to other parts. Many researchers focus on the column removal analysis and study of the structure behavior under effect of gravity loads, so these investigations are mostly carried out on the tall building. Earthquake inspections indicate structural element ca...